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  <xs:element id="brns_ClinicalTrialCostsPolicyTextBlock" abstract="false" name="ClinicalTrialCostsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AdditionalPaidInCapitalPolicyTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AdditionalPaidInCapitalPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesPolicyTextBlock" abstract="false" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ScheduleOfOrdinarySharesReservedForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="ScheduleOfOrdinarySharesReservedForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAndOtherInformationTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAndOtherInformationTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:textBlockItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="brns_SubsidiariesVOLTMember" abstract="true" name="SubsidiariesVOLTMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="brns_AccountsReceivableStandardPaymentTermsPeriod" abstract="false" name="AccountsReceivableStandardPaymentTermsPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" abstract="false" name="ConcentrationRiskThresholdPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_LaboratoryEquipmentMember" abstract="true" name="LaboratoryEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP1000CeliacMember" abstract="true" name="VTP1000CeliacMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP300HBVMember" abstract="true" name="VTP300HBVMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP850ProstateCancerMember" abstract="true" name="VTP850ProstateCancerMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP200HPVMember" abstract="true" name="VTP200HPVMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP600NSCLCMember" abstract="true" name="VTP600NSCLCMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP500MERSMember" abstract="true" name="VTP500MERSMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OtherAndEarlierStageProgramsMember" abstract="true" name="OtherAndEarlierStageProgramsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeDomain" abstract="true" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeDomain" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PersonnelRelatedMember" abstract="true" name="PersonnelRelatedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FacilityRelatedMember" abstract="true" name="FacilityRelatedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OtherIndirectCostsMember" abstract="true" name="OtherIndirectCostsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentOfImmunotherapiesAndVaccinesMember" abstract="true" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentOfImmunotherapiesAndVaccinesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" abstract="true" name="DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" abstract="false" name="DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="brns_IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" abstract="false" name="IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationYearSix" abstract="false" name="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationYearSix" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationYearSeven" abstract="false" name="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationYearSeven" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedManufacturingAndClinicalExpensesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedManufacturingAndClinicalExpensesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OuiLicenseAgreementAmendmentMember" abstract="true" name="OuiLicenseAgreementAmendmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AgreementWithOxfordUniversityInnovationMember" abstract="true" name="AgreementWithOxfordUniversityInnovationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_CoalitionForEpidemicPreparednessInnovationsMember" abstract="true" name="CoalitionForEpidemicPreparednessInnovationsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfRoyaltiesOnNetSales" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfRoyaltiesOnNetSales" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FundingAmountMaximum" abstract="false" name="FundingAmountMaximum" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_RoyaltyPaymentTermMaximum" abstract="false" name="RoyaltyPaymentTermMaximum" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredIncomeForeignExchangeTranslationGainLoss" abstract="false" name="DeferredIncomeForeignExchangeTranslationGainLoss" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfAmericanDepositarySharesAdsIssued" abstract="false" name="NumberOfAmericanDepositarySharesAdsIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IssuanceOfCommonStockUnderwritingCommissions" abstract="false" name="IssuanceOfCommonStockUnderwritingCommissions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IssuanceOfCommonStockOfferingCosts" abstract="false" name="IssuanceOfCommonStockOfferingCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_CommonStockNumberOfVotesPerShare" abstract="false" name="CommonStockNumberOfVotesPerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfSharesNecessaryToExercisePreemptiveRights" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfSharesNecessaryToExercisePreemptiveRights" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PeriodOfPreemptiveRightsToBeExercised" abstract="false" name="PeriodOfPreemptiveRightsToBeExercised" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_MaximumAggregateNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedToBeAllottedFreeFromStatutoryPreEmptionRights" abstract="false" name="MaximumAggregateNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedToBeAllottedFreeFromStatutoryPreEmptionRights" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OrdinarySharesLiquidationPreference" abstract="false" name="OrdinarySharesLiquidationPreference" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AvideaMember" abstract="true" name="AvideaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_BarinthusBiotherapeuticsPlcShareAwardPlan2021Member" abstract="true" name="BarinthusBiotherapeuticsPlcShareAwardPlan2021Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_EnterpriseManagementIncentiveShareOptionSchemeMember" abstract="true" name="EnterpriseManagementIncentiveShareOptionSchemeMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_RestrictedShareUnitsStockOptionsShareAppreciationRightsAndRestrictedSharesMember" abstract="true" name="RestrictedShareUnitsStockOptionsShareAppreciationRightsAndRestrictedSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationPercentageOfSharesAvailableForIssuanceAsPercentageOfIssuedAndOutstandingShares" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationPercentageOfSharesAvailableForIssuanceAsPercentageOfIssuedAndOutstandingShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ExpirationOfShareBasedCompensationPlanFromDateOfInitialIssuance" abstract="false" name="ExpirationOfShareBasedCompensationPlanFromDateOfInitialIssuance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IncomeTaxesTable" abstract="true" name="IncomeTaxesTable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IncomeTaxesLineItems" abstract="true" name="IncomeTaxesLineItems" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationPercentIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" abstract="true" name="EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationPercentIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationProvisionToReturnAdjustments" abstract="false" name="EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationProvisionToReturnAdjustments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCreditsResearchAndDevelopment" abstract="false" name="EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCreditsResearchAndDevelopment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredTaxAssetsLeasingArrangements" abstract="false" name="DeferredTaxAssetsLeasingArrangements" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ValuationAllowanceRollForward" abstract="true" name="ValuationAllowanceRollForward" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseResultingFromCurrentPeriodAdditions" abstract="false" name="ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseResultingFromCurrentPeriodAdditions" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseResultingFromIncomeTaxProvision" abstract="false" name="ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseResultingFromIncomeTaxProvision" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseDecreaseResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation" abstract="false" name="ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetIncreaseDecreaseResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_InLicenseAgreementsMember" abstract="true" name="InLicenseAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OxfordshireMember" abstract="true" name="OxfordshireMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfFutureRoyaltiesForDirectSalesOfCoveredProductLicenseAgreement" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfFutureRoyaltiesForDirectSalesOfCoveredProductLicenseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfNetPaymentsReceivedForAllowableSublicensesOfTechnologyDevelopedLicenseAgreement" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfNetPaymentsReceivedForAllowableSublicensesOfTechnologyDevelopedLicenseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types1:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfSquareFeetUnderLeaseAgreement" abstract="false" name="NumberOfSquareFeetUnderLeaseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_LesseeOperatingLeaseExtendedTerm" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseExtendedTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OtherInformationLesseeAbstract" abstract="true" name="OtherInformationLesseeAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareholderTheUniversityOfOxfordMember" abstract="true" name="ShareholderTheUniversityOfOxfordMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OxfordUniversityInnovationLimitedMember" abstract="true" name="OxfordUniversityInnovationLimitedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ExpensesMember" abstract="true" name="ExpensesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
