<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019e9408-0626-72eb-aae0-d2e2b0b7ff42,g:0a086f49-9852-41bd-8794-bdf62807007f-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:brns="http://www.barinthusbio.com/20260630" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.barinthusbio.com/20260630">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2026/elts/srt-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2026/country-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2026/ecd-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2026" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2026/stpr-2026.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="brns-20260630_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="brns-20260630_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="brns-20260630_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="brns-20260630_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="Cover" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/Cover">
        <link:definition>0000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS">
        <link:definition>9952151 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical">
        <link:definition>9952152 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONSANDCOMPREHENSIVELOSS" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONSANDCOMPREHENSIVELOSS">
        <link:definition>9952153 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCHANGESINSTOCKHOLDERSEQUITY" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCHANGESINSTOCKHOLDERSEQUITY">
        <link:definition>9952154 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS">
        <link:definition>9952155 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NatureofBusinessandBasisofPresentation" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NatureofBusinessandBasisofPresentation">
        <link:definition>9952156 - Disclosure - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies">
        <link:definition>9952157 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Segmentinformation" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/Segmentinformation">
        <link:definition>9952158 - Disclosure - Segment information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ForeignCurrencyTranslationinGeneralandAdministrativeExpenses" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ForeignCurrencyTranslationinGeneralandAdministrativeExpenses">
        <link:definition>9952159 - Disclosure - Foreign Currency Translation in General and Administrative Expenses</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShare" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NetLossPerShare">
        <link:definition>9952160 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentNet" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentNet">
        <link:definition>9952161 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, Net</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="IntangibleAssetsNet" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/IntangibleAssetsNet">
        <link:definition>9952162 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets, Net</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssets" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssets">
        <link:definition>9952163 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilities" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilities">
        <link:definition>9952164 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="GrantIncome" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/GrantIncome">
        <link:definition>9952165 - Disclosure - Grant Income</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrdinaryShares" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/OrdinaryShares">
        <link:definition>9952166 - Disclosure - Ordinary Shares</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="DeferredShares" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/DeferredShares">
        <link:definition>9952167 - Disclosure - Deferred Shares</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValue" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/FairValue">
        <link:definition>9952168 - Disclosure - Fair Value</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensation" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensation">
        <link:definition>9952169 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingencies" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingencies">
        <link:definition>9952170 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RelatedPartyTransactions" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/RelatedPartyTransactions">
        <link:definition>9952171 - Disclosure - Related Party Transactions</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
        <link:definition>9955511 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentinformationTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SegmentinformationTables">
        <link:definition>9955512 - Disclosure - Segment information (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NetLossPerShareTables">
        <link:definition>9955513 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssetsTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssetsTables">
        <link:definition>9955514 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTables">
        <link:definition>9955515 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="GrantIncomeTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/GrantIncomeTables">
        <link:definition>9955516 - Disclosure - Grant Income (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/FairValueTables">
        <link:definition>9955517 - Disclosure - Fair Value (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationTables">
        <link:definition>9955518 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesTables" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesTables">
        <link:definition>9955519 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NatureofBusinessandBasisofPresentationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NatureofBusinessandBasisofPresentationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955520 - Disclosure - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentinformationAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SegmentinformationAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955521 - Disclosure - Segment information - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentinformationSignificantSegmentExpensesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SegmentinformationSignificantSegmentExpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955522 - Disclosure - Segment information - Significant Segment Expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentinformationLongLivedAssetsDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/SegmentinformationLongLivedAssetsDetails">
        <link:definition>9955523 - Disclosure - Segment information - Long-Lived Assets (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ForeignCurrencyTranslationinGeneralandAdministrativeExpensesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ForeignCurrencyTranslationinGeneralandAdministrativeExpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955524 - Disclosure - Foreign Currency Translation in General and Administrative Expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareComputationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NetLossPerShareComputationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955525 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share - Computation (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/NetLossPerShareAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955526 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentNetDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentNetDetails">
        <link:definition>9955527 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, Net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="IntangibleAssetsNetDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/IntangibleAssetsNetDetails">
        <link:definition>9955528 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets, Net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssetsDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/PrepaidExpensesandOtherCurrentAssetsDetails">
        <link:definition>9955529 - Disclosure - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/AccruedExpensesandOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955530 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="GrantIncomeAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/GrantIncomeAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955531 - Disclosure - Grant Income - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="GrantIncomeChangesinDeferredIncomeDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/GrantIncomeChangesinDeferredIncomeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955532 - Disclosure - Grant Income - Changes in Deferred Income (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrdinarySharesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/OrdinarySharesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955533 - Disclosure - Ordinary Shares (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="DeferredSharesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/DeferredSharesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955534 - Disclosure - Deferred Shares (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/FairValueAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955535 - Disclosure - Fair Value - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueChangeinFinancialInstrumentsClassifiedwithinLevel3Details" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/FairValueChangeinFinancialInstrumentsClassifiedwithinLevel3Details">
        <link:definition>9955536 - Disclosure - Fair Value - Change in Financial Instruments Classified within Level 3 (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955537 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationWeightedAverageAssumptionsofFairValueStockOptionIssuedtoEmployeesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationWeightedAverageAssumptionsofFairValueStockOptionIssuedtoEmployeesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955538 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation - Weighted-Average Assumptions of Fair Value Stock Option Issued to Employees (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationScheduleofRestrictedStockUnitsActivityDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationScheduleofRestrictedStockUnitsActivityDetails">
        <link:definition>9955539 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationShareBasedCompensationExpenseDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationShareBasedCompensationExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>9955540 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation - Share Based Compensation Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="ShareBasedCompensationShareBasedCompensationExpenseDetails_1" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/ShareBasedCompensationShareBasedCompensationExpenseDetails_1">
        <link:definition>9955540 - Disclosure - Share-Based Compensation - Share Based Compensation Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesAdditionalInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955541 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesRightofuseAssetsLeaseLiabilitiesandOtherInformationDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesRightofuseAssetsLeaseLiabilitiesandOtherInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>9955542 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Right-of-use Assets, Lease Liabilities and Other Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesLeaseCostDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesLeaseCostDetails">
        <link:definition>9955543 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Lease Cost (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesMaturitiesofMinimumLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesMaturitiesofMinimumLeaseLiabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955544 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Maturities of Minimum Lease Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesMaturitiesofMinimumLeaseLiabilitiesDetails_1" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesMaturitiesofMinimumLeaseLiabilitiesDetails_1">
        <link:definition>9955544 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Maturities of Minimum Lease Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="RelatedPartyTransactionsDetails" roleURI="http://www.barinthusbio.com/role/RelatedPartyTransactionsDetails">
        <link:definition>9955545 - Disclosure - Related Party Transactions (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesReceivable" abstract="false" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesReceivable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredStockValueIssued" abstract="false" name="DeferredStockValueIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" abstract="false" name="DeferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredStockSharesAuthorized" abstract="false" name="DeferredStockSharesAuthorized" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredStockSharesIssued" abstract="false" name="DeferredStockSharesIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredStockSharesOutstanding" abstract="false" name="DeferredStockSharesOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentiveIncomeExpense" abstract="false" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentIncentiveIncomeExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredSharesMember" abstract="true" name="DeferredSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NonCashLeaseExpenses" abstract="false" name="NonCashLeaseExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NonCashInterestExpenseOnConvertibleLoanNotes" abstract="false" name="NonCashInterestExpenseOnConvertibleLoanNotes" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IncreaseDecreaseInResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesReceivable" abstract="false" name="IncreaseDecreaseInResearchAndDevelopmentIncentivesReceivable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrentTextBlock" abstract="false" name="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrentTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_StockholdersEquityDeferredSharesDisclosureTextBlock" abstract="false" name="StockholdersEquityDeferredSharesDisclosureTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAndOtherInformationTableTextBlock" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAndOtherInformationTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_BecaonTopcoIncMember" abstract="true" name="BecaonTopcoIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ClywedogTherapeuticsInc.Member" abstract="true" name="ClywedogTherapeuticsInc.Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_SchemeSharesMember" abstract="true" name="SchemeSharesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ClywedogCapitalStockMember" abstract="true" name="ClywedogCapitalStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfNewSubsidiaries" abstract="false" name="NumberOfNewSubsidiaries" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfDepositarySharesPerShareOfCommonStock" abstract="false" name="NumberOfDepositarySharesPerShareOfCommonStock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_StockConversionRatio" abstract="false" name="StockConversionRatio" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:pureItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_MergerAgreementExtensionPeriod" abstract="false" name="MergerAgreementExtensionPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfReportableSegmentsNotDisclosedFlag" abstract="false" name="NumberOfReportableSegmentsNotDisclosedFlag" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfGeographicRegionsInWhichEntityOperates" abstract="false" name="NumberOfGeographicRegionsInWhichEntityOperates" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentOfImmunotherapiesAndVaccinesMember" abstract="true" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentOfImmunotherapiesAndVaccinesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_VTP1000CeliacMember" abstract="true" name="VTP1000CeliacMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_BarinthusLegacyAssetsMember" abstract="true" name="BarinthusLegacyAssetsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeAxis" abstract="true" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeAxis" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:dimensionItem" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeDomain" abstract="true" name="ResearchAndDevelopmentTypeDomain" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PersonnelRelatedMember" abstract="true" name="PersonnelRelatedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FacilityRelatedMember" abstract="true" name="FacilityRelatedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OtherIndirectCostsMember" abstract="true" name="OtherIndirectCostsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" abstract="true" name="DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" abstract="false" name="DirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ChangeInDirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" abstract="false" name="ChangeInDirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" abstract="true" name="IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" abstract="false" name="IndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ChangeInIndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" abstract="false" name="ChangeInIndirectResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ChangeInResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" abstract="false" name="ChangeInResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseCurrentPeriodComparedToPriorPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationCurrentYear" abstract="false" name="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetExpectedAmortizationCurrentYear" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedManufacturingAndClinicalExpensesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedManufacturingAndClinicalExpensesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AccruedGrantRepaymentCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedGrantRepaymentCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_CoalitionForEpidemicPreparednessInnovationsMember" abstract="true" name="CoalitionForEpidemicPreparednessInnovationsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_FundingAmountMaximum" abstract="false" name="FundingAmountMaximum" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredIncomeReclassificationToAccrual" abstract="false" name="DeferredIncomeReclassificationToAccrual" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredIncomeCashPayment" abstract="false" name="DeferredIncomeCashPayment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_DeferredIncomeForeignExchangeTranslationGainLoss" abstract="false" name="DeferredIncomeForeignExchangeTranslationGainLoss" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_CommonStockNumberOfVotesPerShare" abstract="false" name="CommonStockNumberOfVotesPerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfSharesNecessaryToExercisePreemptiveRights" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfSharesNecessaryToExercisePreemptiveRights" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PeriodOfPreemptiveRightsToBeExercised" abstract="false" name="PeriodOfPreemptiveRightsToBeExercised" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_MaximumAggregateNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedToBeAllottedFreeFromStatutoryPreEmptionRights" abstract="false" name="MaximumAggregateNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedToBeAllottedFreeFromStatutoryPreEmptionRights" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OrdinarySharesLiquidationPreference" abstract="false" name="OrdinarySharesLiquidationPreference" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_AvideaMember" abstract="true" name="AvideaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_EnterpriseManagementIncentiveShareOptionSchemeMember" abstract="true" name="EnterpriseManagementIncentiveShareOptionSchemeMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndSettledInPeriod" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndSettledInPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndDeferredInPeriod" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndDeferredInPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedNumber" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedNumber" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndSettledInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndSettledInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndDeferredInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedAndDeferredInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNonOptionEquityInstrumentsOutstandingWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_InLicenseAgreementsMember" abstract="true" name="InLicenseAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OxfordshireMember" abstract="true" name="OxfordshireMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfFutureRoyaltiesForDirectSalesOfCoveredProductLicenseAgreement" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfFutureRoyaltiesForDirectSalesOfCoveredProductLicenseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_PercentageOfNetPaymentsReceivedForAllowableSublicensesOfTechnologyDevelopedLicenseAgreement" abstract="false" name="PercentageOfNetPaymentsReceivedForAllowableSublicensesOfTechnologyDevelopedLicenseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_NumberOfSquareFeetUnderLeaseAgreement" abstract="false" name="NumberOfSquareFeetUnderLeaseAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:areaItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OtherInformationLesseeAbstract" abstract="true" name="OtherInformationLesseeAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_OxfordUniversityInnovationLimitedMember" abstract="true" name="OxfordUniversityInnovationLimitedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="brns_ExpensesMember" abstract="true" name="ExpensesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
